Do we know that centuries ago there was a Islamic state in Spain! Which was strong, enlightened, richest enough compare to any other state or civilization of the world at that time. An Islamic commander called "TAARIQ BIN ZIYAD" landed there with his Braveheart men and conquered the Spain by defeating a much larger and hostile army.
Unfortunately many of us know not....
Let's turn the pages of history and know about a glorious civilization which framed the modern world and provides base for European Renaissance. We will briefly describe about their rulers, conquests, development, art and architecture etc.
Below is the list of the rulers who ruled Spain between 711 AD - 1492 AD
I. Early invasion and Dependent Emirates :
1. Taariq bin Ziyad The Conqueror (711-712 AD)
2. Moosa bin Nusair
(712-714 AD)
3. The Dependent Emirates of Umayyad Caliphate of Damascus in Spain.
(713-756 AD)
II. Independent Emirates :
1. Abdur Rahman bin Muawiya Ad Dakhil
(Founder of new Umayyad kingdom in Spain) (756-787 AD)
2. Hisham bin Abdur Rahman
(787-796 AD)
3. Hakam bin Hisham
(796-821 AD)
4. Abdur Rahman II bin Hakam
(821-852 AD)
5. Sultan Mohammed bin Abdur Rahman
(852-886 AD)
6. Sultan Munzir bin Muhammad
(886-889 AD)
7. Sultan Abdullah bin Muhammad
(889-912 AD)
III. The Umayyad Caliphs :
8. Amirul Momineen Abdur Rahman III bin Muhammad (Founder of Umayyad Caliphate of Spain in 929 AD)
(912-961 AD)
9. Al Hakam II bin Abdur Rahman
(961-976 AD)
10. Hisham II bin Al Hakam
(961-1009 AD & 1010-1012AD)
11. Muhammad bin Hisham bin Abdul Jabbar bin Abdur Rahman III
(1009-1010 AD)
12. Sulaiman bin Hakam
(1012-1016AD)
13. Ali bin Hamood (Non Umayyad)
(1016-1017 AD)
14. Al Qaasim bin Hamood
(1017-1019 AD)
15. Yahya bin Ali Bin Hamood
(1019-1023 AD)
16. Abdur Rahman IV bin Hisham (Umayyad)
(1023 AD)
17. Mohammed III bin Abdur Rahman bin Abdullah
(1023 AD)
18. Hisham bin Mohammed
(1029-1031 AD)
Note : No Caliph selected between 1024-1029 AD due to civil war.!
IV. AUTONOMOUS STATES:
A. Bani Hamood at Malqa
(1035-1058 AD )
B. Bani Idrees at Garnada
(1018-1090 AD)
C. Bani Ibaad at Ishbiliya
(1023-1083 AD)
D. Bani Zun Noon at Toletla
(till 1085 AD)
E. Rulers of Sarqasta
(till 1118 AD).
F. Al Murabteen (West Africa and Spain)
1. YUSUF BIN TASHFEEN
(1086-1106 AD)
2. Ali bin Yusuf
(1106-1143 AD)
3.Tashfeen bin Ali
(1143-1145 AD)
4. Ibrahim bin Tashfeen
(1145-1147 AD)
G. Al Muwahhideen
1. Abdul Momin
(1147-1163 AD)
2. Abu Yaqoob Yusuf I bin Abdul Momin
(1163- 1184 AD)
3. Abu Yusuf Almansoor bil Allah bin Yusuf I
(1184-1199 AD)
4. Abu Abdullah Mohammed bin Al Mansoor
(1199-1219 AD)
5. Abu Yaqoob bin Mohammed
(1219-1223 AD)
6. Abdul Wahid bin Yusuf I bin Abdul Momin
(1223-1224 AD)
Others (1224-1233 AD).
H. Bani Nasr:
(The Era of 9 Mohammeds)
(1231-1445 AD)
V. DECLINE :
(1445-1492 AD)
Fall of Gernada:-
12 Rabi ul Awwal 898 AH
22 January 1492 AD.
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What to write???????
Spain conquered by TAARIQ IBN ZIYAD An empire last long for approximately 800 years fell down. Yes it happened. We will briefly explain how...? So that we should not repeat those mistakes now and protect our present for our future through our past.
Stay connected.....
To be continued....
